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Almost four in ten American couples now believe that marriage is becoming obsolete, according to a new survey published.
More than ever before, people in the US are coming to believe that wedding bells aren’t necessary for a happy family.
With US census figures revealing that marriages for adults eighteen and over were at an all-time low of 52 per cent, an increasing number of children are growing up out of wedlock.
The Pew Research Centre poll, carried out with Time magazine, showed that nearly one in three American children are now living with a parent who is divorced, separated or never married.
That’s a five-fold increase from 1960. Broken down further, about 15 percent have parents who are divorced or separated and 14 per cent who were never married.
Within those two groups, a sizable chunk – 6 percent – have parents who are live-in couples who opted to raise kids together without getting hitched.
The 39 percent of Americans who now think marriage is on the way out is a significant increase from 1978, when just 28 per cent felt that way.
When asked what constitutes a family, the vast majority of Americans agree that a married couple, with or without children, fits that description.
But four of five surveyed pointed also to an unmarried, opposite-sex couple with children or a single parent. Three of five people said a same-sex couple with children was a family.
‘Marriage is still very important in this country, but it doesn't dominate family life like it used to,’ said Andrew Cherlin, a professor of sociology and public policy at Johns Hopkins University.
The changing views of family are being driven largely by young adults 18-29, who are more likely than older generations to have an unmarried or divorced parent or have friends who do. But economic factors, too, are playing a role.
It was a sharp one-year increase that analysts largely attributed to people unwilling to make long-term marriage commitments in the face of persistent unemployment.
Still, the study indicates that marriage isn't going to disappear anytime soon.
Despite a growing view that marriage may not be necessary, 67 percent of Americans were upbeat about the future of marriage and family.
參考譯文：
根據(jù)發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)新調(diào)查，如今近四成美國(guó)情侶認(rèn)為結(jié)婚正在變得過(guò)時(shí)。
越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)人開始認(rèn)為結(jié)婚并不是保證家庭幸福的必要條件，持這一觀點(diǎn)的人數(shù)之多前所未有。
美國(guó)人口普查統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國(guó)成人（18歲及以上）的結(jié)婚率達(dá)到歷史新低，僅為52%。越來(lái)越多的孩子是在父母沒有結(jié)婚的環(huán)境中成長(zhǎng)的。
由皮尤研究中心與《時(shí)代》雜志共同開展的這項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，近三分之一的美國(guó)兒童目前同離異、分居或從未結(jié)過(guò)婚的單親父母生活在一起。
這一比例自1960以來(lái)增長(zhǎng)了5倍。經(jīng)過(guò)進(jìn)一步分類發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約15%的孩子的父母已經(jīng)離婚或分居，14%的孩子的父母從未結(jié)過(guò)婚。
在這兩組人中，還有6%的孩子的父母選擇同居并一起撫養(yǎng)孩子但不結(jié)婚，這種情況的孩子也占據(jù)了不小的比例。
現(xiàn)在有39%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為結(jié)婚正在變得過(guò)時(shí)，持這一觀點(diǎn)的人相比1978年是顯著增多了，那時(shí)候只有28%的人這么想。
當(dāng)被問(wèn)及組成家庭的要素時(shí)，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都認(rèn)為，不管有沒有孩子，結(jié)了婚就算組建了家庭。
但也有五分之四的被調(diào)查者認(rèn)為，沒有結(jié)婚但有孩子的異性伴侶或單親父母也組成了家庭。五分之三的人稱，有孩子的同性伴侶也算作家庭。
約翰•霍普金斯大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)與公共政策系教授安德魯•徹林說(shuō)，“婚姻在這個(gè)國(guó)家依然非常重要，但它不像過(guò)去那樣主導(dǎo)家庭生活。”
家庭觀念的變化主要是由18歲到29歲的年輕人帶動(dòng)的。相比往代人，這些人父母未婚或離婚的更多，處于這種情況的朋友也更多。
另外，經(jīng)濟(jì)因素也產(chǎn)生了影響。
分析人士認(rèn)為，之所以在一年之內(nèi)會(huì)有這么急劇的變化，很大一部分原因在于持續(xù)高失業(yè)的局面讓人們不愿意做出長(zhǎng)期的婚姻承諾。
盡管如此，研究表明，婚姻這種形式絕不會(huì)很快消失。
雖然越來(lái)越多的人認(rèn)為不一定要結(jié)婚，但仍然有67%的美國(guó)人對(duì)婚姻和家庭的未來(lái)持樂觀態(tài)度。
