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Make sure your children go to bed at a set time and get enough sleep each night.
A FULL NIGHT'S SLEEP
Sleep needs vary, but here are the amounts typically needed nightly by people in different age groups.
Newborns: 16-18 hours
Preschoolers: 10-12 hours
School-age children: 9 or more hours
Adults: 7-8 hours
Source: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute By Nanci Hellmich, USA TODAY
Parents, here's another good reason to make sure your kids get enough shut-eye: Children who get sufficient sleep are less likely to be obese, a new study shows. Other research shows sleep affects kids' academic performance, mood and attention span. For the latest study, scientists at the University of Chicago and the University of Louisville compared the sleep patterns of 308 children, ages 4-10, with their body mass index, a number that considers height and weight. The children wore special wrist-band devices for a week to track the amount they slept. Some of the kids had blood work done to look at their glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels, which are markers for the risk of type 2 diabetes and future cardiovascular disease
The study shows:
•Kids slept an average of eight hours a night. This is far less than the nine or more hours recommended for this age group.
•Kids who slept at least 9½ to 10 hours were the least likely to be obese or to have unhealthy blood work.
•The children who slept the least and had the most irregular sleep schedule (they didn't go to bed at a set time) had a substantially greater risk of being obese and having unhealthy blood work.
•Those who got caught up on sleep on the weekends somewhat reduced their risk of being obese or having unhealthy blood work.
•Obese children were less likely to get caught up on their sleep on the weekends.
"Good sleep routines and sleeping the right amount is the best healthy proposition," says lead author David Gozal, chair of the department of pediatrics at the University of Chicago.
About one-third of children and adolescents in the USA weigh too much, putting them at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, sleep apnea and other health problems.Previous research shows that not getting enough sleep may contribute to weight gain partly because it affects hormones that control hunger and feeling full.
參考譯文：
要確保在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)讓孩子們上床睡覺和得到充分的睡眠。
充分的睡眠
睡眠所需時(shí)間存在著一定差異性。下面是不同年齡組的人每夜需要的睡眠時(shí)間。
新生人：16-18個(gè)小時(shí)
學(xué)前兒童：10-12個(gè)小時(shí)
學(xué)齡兒童：9個(gè)小時(shí)
成年人是7-8個(gè)小時(shí)。
數(shù)據(jù)來源于美國國家心肺血液研究所Nanci Hellmich。
父母親又有理由讓孩子們早點(diǎn)上床睡覺了。研究表明，沒有得到充足睡眠的孩子們極易發(fā)胖。其他的研究也顯示，睡眠會影響孩子們的學(xué)習(xí)能力、情緒和注意力。芝加哥和路易斯維爾大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們所進(jìn)行的最新研究對308個(gè)4-10歲兒童的睡眠模式和考慮了身高和體重的身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)做了比對。孩子們戴了一個(gè)星期的特殊的手鏈裝置以跟蹤他們的睡眠時(shí)間。有些孩子要進(jìn)行血液檢查以查看他們的血糖，胰島素，甘油三酯和膽固醇水平，這是Ⅱ型糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和未來心血管疾病的標(biāo)志。
研究表明：
1)孩子平均每晚睡覺八小時(shí)。這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于這個(gè)年齡組推薦的9個(gè)或更多的時(shí)間。
2)平均睡覺至少九個(gè)半小時(shí)至十個(gè)小時(shí)的孩子，幾乎沒有可能發(fā)胖或者有不健康的血液問題。
3)睡覺少和不規(guī)律（不在設(shè)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)上床睡覺）的孩子有很大得肥胖癥和不健康的血液問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
4)在休息日好好睡覺的孩子降低了他們得肥胖癥和不健康的血液問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
5)發(fā)胖的孩子們一般不會在休息日好好睡覺。
芝加哥大學(xué)兒科部門的主任David Gozal說:"好的睡眠習(xí)慣和睡眠長度是最健康的因素"。
美國大約三分之一的兒童和青少年超重，這加大了他們患有Ⅱ型糖尿病、高血壓、失眠和其他健康問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。前面的研究表明沒有得到充分睡眠的孩子們之所以體重增加，是因?yàn)樗哂绊懥丝刂起囸I和感覺滿腹的荷爾蒙。
